Argo Space Develops Water-Propelled Spacecraft for In-Orbit Logistics

Argo Space's Water-Based Vision

Argo Space, founded in late 2022 by former SpaceX engineers Robert, Ryan, and Kirby Carlisle, is focusing on building in-space infrastructure. Their core concept involves using water as a propellant, coolant, and radiation shield for spacecraft. This approach is based on the widespread availability of water in the Solar System, including on the Moon.

In-Space Logistics Network

The company's vision is to establish an affordable transportation network connecting low-Earth orbit, geostationary orbit, and the Moon. This network would support services such as satellite resupply, refueling, repair, and redeployments. By using water, Argo Space intends to reduce reliance on propellants launched from Earth and create a commercial incentive for lunar water harvesting.

Technical Approach

Water is integrated into multiple spacecraft systems, cooling thrusters and avionics. This design increases the propellant mass fraction, allowing the vehicle to carry more propellant and extend its operational range. The long-term goal is to leverage the Moon's shallower gravity well for water harvesting, further enabling their transportation model.

Initial Mission Results

Argo Space conducted its first demonstration mission, Navigator, in July via a Falcon 9 rideshare. While contact with the spacecraft was established, one of its two rollout solar arrays failed to deploy. This issue led to the spacecraft becoming power-negative, draining its battery and preventing the propulsion system from being tested.