A recent survey of German companies by the digital industry association Bitkom reveals a significant increase in cyberattacks attributed to foreign intelligence services. Nearly four in ten German companies that experienced data theft, industrial espionage, or sabotage over the past year linked at least one incident to a foreign intelligence service. This figure marks an increase from 28% last year and 7% in 2023.
China was identified as the most frequent foreign source of attacks, cited by over half of the affected companies. Russia ranked second, and Iran emerged as another significant source, linked to roughly one in ten incidents. Germany's security and defense industry is a particularly attractive target for these foreign intelligence agencies.
The economic toll of these digital attacks is substantial. Bitkom estimates that cyberattacks cost German businesses between $186 billion and $240 billion over the past year. These costs include business interruptions, investigations, recovery efforts, legal disputes, extortion, and lost revenue and competitive advantages.
While organized crime remains the largest source of attacks identified by German companies, Bitkom notes that the distinction between criminal groups and state intelligence agencies is becoming increasingly difficult to draw. Intelligence services are utilizing criminal structures, and criminals are given leeway as long as their targets align with political directives, according to Bitkom President Ralf Wintergerst.
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A survey by Bitkom indicates that foreign intelligence services, particularly from China and Russia, are increasingly responsible for cyberattacks on German companies, with nearly 40% of affected businesses attributing incidents to state actors. This rise in state-sponsored cyber activity highlights an evolving threat landscape where the distinction between criminal groups and intelligence services is blurring, posing significant economic costs to German businesses.