Archaeologists working with the 'Secrets of the Ice' program in Innlandet, eastern Norway, have observed a significant change in the types of artifacts emerging from melting glaciers. For 20 years, most finds were up to 2,000 years old, often from the Viking Age. However, the oldest ice is now melting, revealing much older objects.
The latest field expedition uncovered an arrow with a slate arrowhead and shaft estimated to be between 5,000 and 6,000 years old. This year alone, 48 prehistoric arrows were found, bringing the total from one ice patch to over 100 arrowheads and shafts. These older arrowheads are made from materials like slate, freshwater mussel shells, and bone, contrasting with more recent iron arrowheads.
The continuous discovery of arrows and other hunting-related items, along with clothing, shoes, and packhorses, indicates extensive reindeer hunting and human presence in the area over millennia. The ice's preservation conditions have allowed organic materials such as wood, leather, and textiles to survive, offering a detailed look into ancient life.
While the archaeological discoveries are exciting, the team acknowledges the underlying cause: climate change. The melting ice that reveals these ancient treasures is also a stark reminder of environmental shifts, creating a dual reality for the archaeologists involved in the recovery efforts.
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Archaeologists in Norway are discovering Stone Age artifacts, including 6,000-year-old arrowheads, as ancient ice melts. This shift means fewer Viking Age finds and a greater emergence of much older items, providing new insights into prehistoric human activity in the region.