The Model Context Protocol (MCP) has been introduced as an open standard aimed at facilitating the connection between AI applications and the various tools and data sources they utilize. This protocol establishes a structured way for AI systems to interact with external functionalities.
Under MCP, a server advertises its capabilities. The AI application then presents these capabilities to the AI model. When the model requires a specific action or data, the application calls the appropriate server, retrieves the result, and delivers it back to the model. This architecture ensures the model does not directly communicate with the server.
MCP utilizes JSON-RPC as its communication envelope, supporting transport over stdin/stdout or a single HTTP endpoint. Beyond just JSON-RPC, MCP specifies the methods, capability negotiation, transport mechanisms, and authentication protocols that govern these interactions. This allows for a standardized way for servers to expose tools, data, or prompts to AI applications like Claude, Cursor, or ChatGPT.
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The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open standard designed to connect AI applications with external tools and data. It defines a communication method where AI apps present server capabilities to models, which then request actions from servers, with results returned to the model.