New Forensic Method Traces 3D-Printed PLA Objects to Filament Source

New Tracing Method for 3D-Printed Objects

A study published in Forensic Science International details a new forensic method developed by Curtin University researchers in Perth, Australia. This method allows for the analysis of 3D-printed PLA parts to match them to their respective filament. The researchers successfully matched 26 out of 28 PLA samples, providing a potential way to trace the origin of 3D-printed items.

Addressing the Challenge of Untraceable Firearms

The proliferation of 3D-printed firearms, often called "ghost guns," presents a challenge to law enforcement due to their untraceable nature. Unlike conventionally manufactured firearms with serial numbers and distribution networks, these plastic weapons lack clear identifiers. The new tracing method offers a potential solution by creating a link between a seized 3D-printed firearm and its filament source, which could help police establish manufacturing and distribution networks.

How the Forensic Technique Works

The research, led by Dr. Georgina Sauzier, utilizes differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a thermoanalytical technique. DSC measures how heat flows through a sample as it undergoes temperature changes, providing a graph of its thermal properties. The process of 3D printing alters the filament's physical properties, and these changes can be measured and cross-referenced with the unprinted filament to establish an association.

Material Specificity and Future Potential

Currently, the method is effective only for PLA products. Other materials like PETG and ABS did not yield sufficient information for tracing due to their amorphous molecular structure, which provides less distinct temperature transition points during testing. PLA's semi-crystalline structure, however, allows for clearer identification. While ABS and PETG showed some promise with ATR-FTIR testing, further development is needed for these materials.