An international collaboration involving health academics and media organizations has uncovered 239 lawsuits initiated by major food companies against public health policies. These legal challenges took place between 2010 and 2025 across six countries: Mexico, Brazil, Colombia, India, Britain, and the United States.
The policies targeted by these lawsuits include measures such as front-of-pack labeling, regulations on advertising junk food to children, soda taxes, and taxes on ultra-processed foods. These policies are designed to address the public health crisis caused by poor diets, which contribute to millions of deaths and billions in healthcare costs annually.
The investigation found that among cases brought by private companies where the plaintiff was identifiable, more than one in three originated from just nine parent groups. Coca-Cola, PepsiCo, and Mondelez were identified as leading these legal efforts.
These lawsuits represent a significant burden on governments, accumulating 595 years of litigation. This not only prolongs public health issues but also imposes substantial legal and healthcare costs on countries. The legal actions also create a chilling effect on policymakers who may lack the resources to engage in prolonged legal battles with large food corporations.
The findings are based on a dataset constructed from challenges to laws aimed at improving population nutrition between 2010 and 2025 in the specified countries. Cases were included if they involved a challenge to a regulation designed to enhance public health through better nutrition.
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A cross-border investigation revealed 239 lawsuits filed by major food companies, including Coca-Cola, PepsiCo, and Mondelez, against public health policies in six countries between 2010 and 2025. These legal actions target regulations like front-of-pack labeling, advertising limits for unhealthy foods, and taxes on sugary drinks and ultra-processed foods, prolonging public health crises and incurring significant legal and healthcare costs for governments.