Two decades ago, Russia and the European Space Agency discussed collaborating on a next-generation crewed spacecraft. Europe ultimately did not pursue the project, and Russia's Roscosmos continued independently. The project has since gone through several names, including PPTS (2009), PTK NP (until 2016), Federatsiya (2016), and Orel/Oryol (2019).
Dmitry Bakanov, the new chief executive of Roscosmos, appears to have abandoned the "Eagle" name for the spacecraft. A recent Interfax story refers to the project as PTK NP, reverting to an earlier technical designation. This change follows a pattern of rebranding for the long-gestating spacecraft.
Despite nearly 20 years of development and numerous conceptual renderings, the project has shown limited progress in actual hardware. The frequent name changes and lack of concrete physical advancements characterize the program's trajectory.
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Russia's long-delayed crewed spacecraft project, previously known as "Eagle," is now being referred to by its earlier technical designation, PTK NP, under the new Roscosmos chief executive. This change marks another shift in the project's identity, which has seen multiple names and conceptual iterations over two decades without significant hardware development.