The Model Context Protocol (MCP) has released its 2026-07-28 specification, marking a significant shift from a bidirectional stateful protocol to a request/response stateless core. This change is intended to improve the reliability and scalability of MCP servers, a feature frequently requested by developers. The previous stateful design required managing request routing to sticky sessions and holding open streams, which added overhead and complexity for remote MCP servers.
The 2026-07-28 specification introduces several new features, including Multi Round-Trip Requests, header-based routing, and cacheable list results. It also includes authorization hardening, aligning more closely with enterprise practices for OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect, and establishes a formal extensions framework. The new protocol removes the handshake and session header, allowing any request to land on any instance, which simplifies load balancing and horizontal scaling.
Accompanying the specification release are updated Tier 1 SDKs for TypeScript, Python, and C#. The C# SDK, now at v2.0, implements the 2026-07-28 revision and builds on ASP.NET Core for routing, middleware, and load balancing. Amazon Bedrock AgentCore's AgentCore Gateway now supports the new MCP version, allowing users to update their gateways to utilize the revised protocol. Existing clients remain backward compatible.
MCP has seen substantial growth, with its TypeScript and Python SDKs collectively exceeding 1 billion total downloads. The protocol serves as a data and interactivity substrate for agentic workflows. The move to a stateless core is expected to address long-standing barriers to scalability, potentially removing a significant obstacle to enterprise AI adoption by simplifying server deployment and reducing operational overhead.
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The Model Context Protocol (MCP) 2026-07-28 specification has been released, transitioning the protocol from a bidirectional stateful model to a request/response stateless core. This change aims to improve reliability and scalability for MCP servers, addressing a highly requested developer feature.