The Trump administration's Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is evaluating a rule change that would alter how the public participates in the permitting process for new sources of air pollution. This proposed modification would grant states the authority to determine the level of public involvement in these permitting decisions. A public hearing on this potential rollback was held by the EPA on Wednesday.
This rule change could significantly affect the construction of facilities like gas plants and diesel generators, which are increasingly used to power data centers. Data centers, including those operated by companies like xAI and Meta, often utilize minor source permitting processes for these power sources. Communities across the US have been using the existing permitting process to voice concerns and slow down data center development due to environmental impacts. The proposed change could diminish the public's ability to receive notice and provide input on such facilities in their neighborhoods.
Under the Clean Air Act, facilities emitting air pollution must obtain permits. These are categorized as 'major' or 'minor' based on pollutant thresholds. Major sources undergo extensive federal and state review, while minor sources have less oversight. The minor source category is broad, encompassing various facilities from dry cleaners to the diesel and gas engines used by data centers.
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The Trump administration's EPA is considering a rule change that would transfer authority to states for public participation in permitting processes for certain new air pollution sources, including gas plants and diesel generators used by data centers. This change could reduce public notice and input on polluting facilities, impacting communities where data centers are facing increased pushback. The proposed rollback could accelerate data center development by lessening community oversight on environmental permits.