LiDAR, which stands for "light detection and ranging," is a sensor on certain iPhone Pro models that emits invisible light pulses and measures their return time. This process provides the iPhone with information about the distance and shape of objects in its environment. Unlike cameras that capture visual appearance, LiDAR adds crucial depth data.
The depth information from LiDAR is utilized by ARKit, Apple's augmented reality framework, to create a 3D mesh of the physical environment. This allows AR applications to accurately understand and interact with surfaces like floors and walls. For example, Apple's RoomPlan framework combines camera and LiDAR data to identify and map room features, generating 3D models of interior spaces.
LiDAR also supports the iPhone's camera system. On compatible Pro models, it enables features such as Night mode portraits and faster autofocus performance in low-light conditions. This integration improves the quality and functionality of photographic capabilities in challenging environments.
Apple introduced the LiDAR Scanner with the iPhone 12 Pro and iPhone 12 Pro Max in 2020. It has remained an exclusive feature for Pro and Pro Max models through subsequent generations, including the iPhone 17 Pro and iPhone 17 Pro Max. Additionally, all iPad Pro models since the fourth-generation lineup in March 2020 include a LiDAR sensor, performing the same functions as on the iPhone.
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LiDAR sensors on iPhone Pro models measure distances using light pulses, providing depth information for augmented reality applications and camera enhancements. This technology enables features like 3D room mapping and improved low-light autofocus, enhancing the device's spatial awareness capabilities.